Navy, including the Marine Corps, postponed demobilization until the defeat of Japan. The War Department initially projected demobilizing 2 million soldiers in the 12 months following the victory in Europe: 50 percent of this total were in Europe, 33 percent in the Pacific, and 17 percent had already returned to the U.S.
Women in the Women's Army Corps (WACs) were eligible for demobilization with 44 points. Soldiers who had earned that number of points were to be demobilized as soon as transport back to the United States was available. A total of 85 points was needed for eligibility. Soldiers were awarded 12 points per dependent child up to a maximum of three children. Each battle star or decoration earned a soldier 5 points. Soldiers were given one point for each month of military service and one additional point was given for each month of overseas service. The point system, called the Adjusted Service Rating Score, had the objective of achieving equity in the demobilization. On May 10, 1945, two days after the unconditional surrender of Germany to the allies on V-E Day, the War Department announced a point system for the demobilization and discharge of Army and Army Air Force enlisted personnel. It established and coordinated Operation Magic Carpet. Eventually, organization of the operation was given to the War Shipping Administration (WSA). Army Chief of Staff General George Marshall established committees to address the logistical problem. US soldiers were scattered across 55 theaters of war worldwide. ("Uniformed military personnel" will often be referred to collectively as "soldiers" in this article, unless the context requires more specification.)Īs early as mid-1943, the United States Army had recognized that, once victory was achieved, bringing the troops home would be a priority. One hundred thousand men were being drafted per month to replace soldiers in the army who were killed, wounded, and injured or who were discharged for medical problems. military from the 334,000 it had numbered in 1939. This total represented wartime expansion of the U.S. military personnel numbered 12,209,238 divided among the services as follows: In 1945 as the defeat of Germany and Japan neared, U.S.
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